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Waste could be a valuable commodity

Many valuable raw materials can be recovered from waste. Poland does not do well in this respect.

Publikacja: 09.09.2021 19:45

Waste could be a valuable commodity

Foto: Edytor.net, Rafał Klimkiewicz

There will be more and more municipal waste, which is why not only the popularization and simplification of selective waste collection, but also finding an answer to the question of what to do with it, is becoming an increasingly pressing challenge. The participants of the debate "Smart waste management" were discussing this issue.

We are sorting and … nothing

Our current system has a lot of deficiencies and gaps. From the point of view of the residents, waste is becoming more and more expensive because the fees for its disposal are increasing. - From the point of view of the owners of waste, i.e. municipalities, they have increasingly higher negative value - said Robert Pawłowski, mayor of Złotoryja.

- Even if we sort all waste into appropriate fractions, to put it simply, we have nowhere to sell it - echoed Jarosław Ferenc, mayor of Radomsko.

As emphasized by local government officials, it is difficult to find companies on the market that would be willing to pay a cost-appropriate price, even for plastic, bottles and clothing. As mayor Pawłowski described, the most valuable raw material that can be recovered from waste is, of course, metal, but it turns out that very few aluminum cans go to the municipal "waste resources".

The participants of the debate emphasized that the comprehensive regulation of the waste management system is a difficult challenge, requiring many legal and institutional solutions and considerable investments. - The system must ensure that it is profitable to recover raw materials from waste, otherwise it will be more expensive, but even then it will not be more effective - stressed President Ferenc.

- If in a few years I can say that I am a representative of the raw materials industry, and not the waste industry as it is now, then we will be able to talk about smart waste management - said Artur Pielech, president of the board of FBSerwis. - Because everything, literally everything can be managed sensibly - he emphasized.

Waste, which is most associated with raw materials - paper, glass, metal is the easiest to manage. If it is of good quality, it can be fully recycled. - Glassworks take any amount of glass cullet, because the production of glass from this product is 30 percent cheaper than from primary raw materials - said President Pielech.

Incineration or landfill?

The processing of plastics is a greater challenge, as not all plastics can become recyclable materials, and mixed waste is also a problem. - But you can deal with them as well - argued the president of FBSerwis.

Green energy, i.e. biogas, can be produced from kitchen waste, and heat energy can be recovered from the rest. - Colloquially speaking, it is about waste incineration, but it is a better way of managing waste than landfilling, which in the long run is pointless - explained Pielech.

We also have a lot to do in the thermal treatment of waste, as more installations are needed to adapt the system's capacity to demand.

- The key to smart waste management is the word "value" - said Anna Borys, corporate director at McDonald's Polska. - If we see a recoverable value in them, as in the aforementioned cans, there will be less waste polluting the environment - she argued.

As she emphasized, this is the direction in which McDonald's is going. The concern boasts a unique closed-loop paper waste management system. All waste of this type, first carefully sorted and properly transported, goes to recycling lines, where paper fibers are recovered. They are used to make paper towels and toilet paper used in restaurants.

- Recovering paper fibers from our packaging is not easy as it is often coated and contaminated paper. But it was possible to create a special technology that makes it possible. Otherwise, this waste would end up in landfills, where it would be worth nothing - said director Borys.

Return of the deposit

What else can be done? According to the mayor of Złotoryja, it is necessary, inter alia, to create an efficiently working deposit system, including for glass and plastic bottles. - Let's use the experience from the times when bottles could be sold almost everywhere. Currently, glass accounts for 12 percent of all municipal waste, thus a very high percentage. Bottles should not be thrown away, it is better to return them to circulation - stated Robert Pawłowski.

An important postulate concerns the introduction of the so-called extended responsibility of the producer, on which the Ministry of Climate and Environment is working. In short, producers should bear the costs of disposal of manufactured products when they become waste. According to the participants of the debate, this is a good solution - although there are some concerns about the draft act, though at the end of the day the consumer will pay for everything anyway.

Discussion’s partner: FBSerwis

There will be more and more municipal waste, which is why not only the popularization and simplification of selective waste collection, but also finding an answer to the question of what to do with it, is becoming an increasingly pressing challenge. The participants of the debate "Smart waste management" were discussing this issue.

We are sorting and … nothing

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